Velšský kob
Velšský kob
Zdroje informací:
- Velká kniha o koních - Elwyn Hartley Edwards
- Obrazová encyklopedie koní - Elwyn Hartley Edwards
- Koně - Helena Kholová, Jan Hošek
Úvodem...
V plemenné knize Společnosti pro velšské pony a koby jsou také dvě sekce pro koby. Jednak je to sekce C, kam se zapisují tzv. pony typu koba, menší z obou, vysocí nejvýše 137 cm, kdežto do sekce D patří kobové vyšší než je tato hranice, při čemž horní limit není stanoven. Ve skutečnosti najdeme mezi koby sekce D zvířata vysoká 152 cm a více jako následek požadavků trhu.
Původ a historie:
Oba typy kobů se vyvinuly z kříženců velšských horských ponyů nejprve s koňmi dovezenými Římany, kteří se usídlili ve Walesu a později se španělskými koňmi. Ve 12. století napsal Giraldus Cambrensis, arciděkan z Breconu, že ve středním Walesu jsou "nejznamenitější koně... pocházející z některých ušlechtilých španělských ořů". Křížením těchto 
koní s horskými klisnami vznikli Powysovi koně, nejvýznamnější koně anglické armády od 12. století dále. Z téhož zdroje pocházeli také starobylí velšští tažní koně. Moderní kob je však skutečná, i když podstatně zvětšená replika horského poníka, třebaže byl kdysi ovlivněn i norfolskými klusáky nebo cestovním koněm, yorkshirkým kočárovým koněm a původním hackneyem typu roadstera.
V plemenné knize velšských ponyů a kobů najdeme nejčastěji čtyři hřebce: Jsou to: Trotting Comet, narozený 1840, True Briton, narozený 1830, Cymro Lwyd, narozený 1850, a Alonzo the Brave, narozený roku 1886. Trotting Comet pocházel ze slavné cardiganshirské klusácké klisny a jeho otcem byl slepý vraník Flyer, velšský tažný kůň z norfolské klusácké klisny. True Briton byl synem Rulera, yorkshirského kočárového koně a jeho matkou byla údajně arabská klisna jménem Douse. Cymro Llwyd pak byl potomkem Crawskhay Bailey Araba, koně, kterého choval majitel hnutí z Brecon Beacons, a klusácké klisny. Byl buď barvy isabel nebo plavý a zřejmě po něm zdědili mnozí kobové barvu krémovou, plavou nebo isabel. Jeho nejslavnějším potomkem se stal Llanarth Brait. Alonzo the Brave, který v kohoutku měřil 163 cm, pocházel ze starého hackneyského stáda, jehož předky lze vysledovat až k Darley Arabianovi přes hřebce Shales Original a Norfolk Shales.
Popis a charakteristika:
Velšský kob je statný koník, nejmenší povolená výška je 137 cm, optimální je však minimálne 147 cm. Kob má hlavu jako přiměřeně zvětšený horský poník, má výrazné oči a malé, vysoko nasazené špičaté uši. Má dlouhý krk, mohutné plece, dlouhou záď a vysoko nasazený ocas. Přípustné je každé zbarvení kromě strakatosti. Vyskytují se vraníci, hnědáci, ryzáci a isabely a najdou se i smetanově zbarvení koně a plaváci. Na spěnkách je přípustná v menším množství delší jemná srst, ale nesmí být hrubá a tvrdá. Hrudník koba je hluboký, prostorný, s dobře klenutými žebry a s dobrými mírami jeho obvodu. Hřbet a bedra jsou silná, dobře vázaná. Kopyta mají vždy dobrý tvar, rohovina je dostatečně tvrdá. Silná záď a mocná, pružná hlezna podmiňují okázalý chod koba.
Využití:
Po staletí hráli velšští kobové velmi důležitou roli v životě Walesu a v zápřeži zajišťovali zemědělské práce. Dobrým odběratelem kobů byla i amráda, která je potřebovala k tahu děl i výzbroje i jako jezdecké koně pro některé pěchotní jednotky. Byla po nich také velká poptávka ve velkoměstech pro mlékárenské, pekárenské a jiné podniky, k rozvozu zboží. Dokud nebyla zavedena v roce 1918 úřední licence hřebců, uplatňovaly se jakési "výkonnostní zkoušky". Z dosažených výsledků těchto klusáckých testů se pak koně selektovali pro chovné využití. Nejoblíbenější trasa měřila 56 km a vedla kopcovitým krajem z Cardiffu do Dowlais. Nejlepší koně ji zdolali za méně než tři hodiny. Současní velšští kobové jsou jednak zdatnými tažnými koňmi a jednak i huntery s vrozeným talentem ke skákání. Jsou nenároční na péči, ovladatelní a velmi zdraví.
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